1. entry
2. limit 3. talent 4. disturb 5. entire |
6. wisdom
7. dozen 8. impress 9. respond 10. fortress |
11. neglect
12. patrol 13. kitchen 14. forbid 15. pirate |
16. spinach
17. adopt 18. frighten 19. surround 20. challenge |
Lesson 18 Spelling: Changing final "y" to "I"
1. duties
2. earlier 3. loveliest 4. denied 5. ferries |
6. sunnier
7. terrified 8. abilities 9. dirtier 10. scariest |
11. trophies
12. cozier 13. enemies 14. iciest 15. greediest |
16. drowsier
17. victories 18. horrified 19. memories 20. strategies |
lesson 17 spelling: more words with vcv pattern
1. tiring
2. amazing 3. practicing 4. borrowed 5. performing |
6. supported
7. freezing 8. resulting 9. united 10. delivered |
11. related
12. expected 13. whispered 14. attending 15. amusing |
16. losing
17. damaged 18. repeated 19. decided 20. remarked |
Lesson 16 spelling: words with -ed or -ing
1. scrubbed
2. listening 3. stunned 4. knitting 5. carpeting |
6. wandered
7. gathering 8. beginning 9. skimmed 10. chatting |
11. shrugged
12. bothering 13. whipped 14. quizzed 15. suffering |
16. scanned
17. ordered 18. totaled 19. answered 20. upsetting |
Lesson 15 spelling: final schwa + /l/ sounds
1. formal
2. whistle 3. label 4. puzzle 5. legal |
6. angle
7. normal 8. needle 9. angel 10. pupil |
11. struggle
12. level 13. local 14. bicycle 15. channel |
16. global
17. stumble 18. quarrel 19. article 20. fossil |
Lesson 14 Spelling: VV pattern
1. actual
2. cruel 3. influence 4. diet 5. museum |
6. casual
7. ruin 8. pioneer 9. trial 10. visual |
11. realize
12. create 13. riot 14. genuine 15. area |
16. annual
17. audio 18. dial 19. theater 20. patriot |
Lesson 13 Spelling: vcccv pattern
Grammar: Regular and irregular verbs
1. conflict
2. orphan 3. instant 4. complex 5. simply |
6. burglar
7. laundry 8. laughter 9. employ 10. anchor |
11. merchant
12. improve 13. arctic 14. mischief 15. childhood |
16. purchase
17. dophin 18. partner 19. complain 20. tremble |
A verb is a regular verb if adding -ed or -d to its present-tense form changes that verb to its past-tense form.
Examples: "name" is a regular verb because you can add a -d to it to change it to its past-tense form, "named"
"follow" is a regular verb because you can add an -ed to it to change it to its past-tense form, "followed"
A verb is an irregular verb if a verb's past-tense form is NOT formed by adding -ed or -d to its present tense.
Examples: "become" is an irregular verb because its past-tense form can't be formed by adding a -d or -ed;
the past-tense form of "become" is "became"
"forget" is an irregular verb because its past-tense form can't be formed by adding a -d or -ed; the past-tense form of "forget" is "forgot"
Examples: "name" is a regular verb because you can add a -d to it to change it to its past-tense form, "named"
"follow" is a regular verb because you can add an -ed to it to change it to its past-tense form, "followed"
A verb is an irregular verb if a verb's past-tense form is NOT formed by adding -ed or -d to its present tense.
Examples: "become" is an irregular verb because its past-tense form can't be formed by adding a -d or -ed;
the past-tense form of "become" is "became"
"forget" is an irregular verb because its past-tense form can't be formed by adding a -d or -ed; the past-tense form of "forget" is "forgot"
Lesson 12 Spelling and Grammar
Vcv Patter (vowel, consonant, vowel)
1. human
2. exact 3. award 4. behave 5. credit |
6. basic
7. vivid 8. evil 9. modern 10. nation |
11. robot
12. panic 13. select 14. cousin 15. item |
16. police
17. prefer 18. menu 19. novel 20. deserve |
lesson 11 spelling and grammar
vccv pattern (vowel, consonant, consonant, vowel)
1. bargain
2. journey 3. pattern 4. arrive 5. object |
6. suppose
7. shoulder 8. permit 9. sorrow 10. tunnel |
11. subject
12. custom 13. suggest 14. perhaps 15. lawyer |
16. timber
17. common 18. publish 19. burden 20. scissors |
lesson 10 spelling and grammar
final schwa + /r/ sound
1. cellar
2. flavor 3. cougar 4. chapter 5. mayor |
6. anger
7. senator 8. passenger 9. major 10. popular |
11. tractor
12. thunder 13. pillar 14. border 15. calendar |
16. quarter
17. lunar 18. proper 19. elevator 20. bitter |
Lesson 9 spelling and grammar
compound words and complex sentences
1. wildlife
2. uproar 3. home run 4. headache 5. top-secret |
6. teammate
7. wheelchair 8. light bulb 9. well-known 10. throughout |
11. life preserver
12. barefoot 13. part-time 14. warehouse 15. overboard |
16. post office
17. outspoken 18. up-to-date 19. awestruck 20. newscast |
complex sentences
A complex sentence is a sentence with an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with a subordinating conjunction.
The independent clause can stand on its own as a sentence. The dependent clause does not make sense without the independent clause.
Example: After the game, I went to the movie.
Explanation: The independent clause in the above complex sentence is underlined. "I went to the movie" is an independent clause because by itself, it is complete sentence. The dependent clause is italicized. "After the game" is the dependent clause because it, by itself, is not a complete sentence. It needs the rest of the sentence to make sense.
The independent clause can stand on its own as a sentence. The dependent clause does not make sense without the independent clause.
Example: After the game, I went to the movie.
Explanation: The independent clause in the above complex sentence is underlined. "I went to the movie" is an independent clause because by itself, it is complete sentence. The dependent clause is italicized. "After the game" is the dependent clause because it, by itself, is not a complete sentence. It needs the rest of the sentence to make sense.
Lesson 8 spelling and grammar
homophones
1. steel
2. steal 3. aloud 4. allowed 5. ring |
6. wring
7. lesson 8. lessen 9. who's 10. whose |
11. manor
12. manner 13. pedal 14. peddle 15. berry |
16. bury
17. hanger 18. hangar 19. overdo 20. overdue |
conjunctions- words that connect other words or groups of words in a sentence, such as "and", "but", and "or".
Lesson 7 Spelling and grammar
more words with a vowel sound + /r/
1. earth
2. peer 3. twirl 4. burnt 5. smear |
6. further
7. appear 8. worthwhile 9. nerve 10. pier |
11. squirm
12. weary 13. alert 14. murmur 15. thirsty |
16. reverse
17. worship 18. career 19. research 20. volunteer |
Lesson 6 Spelling and grammar
words with a vowel sound + /r/ (like "car", "torch", and "perform")
1. glory
2. aware 3. carton 4. adore 5. aboard |
6. dairy
7. ordeal 8. pardon 9. warn 10. vary |
11. barely
12. torch 13. barge 14. soar 15. beware |
16. absorb
17. armor 18. stairway 19. perform 20. former |
types of verbs:action verbs, main verbs, helping verbs, and linking verbs:
- action verbs tell what the subject does or did (example: she jumped)
- a main verb is the most important verb in a sentence (example: He is jumping; 'is' is a
verb, but 'jumping' is the most important verb, so it is the main verb.
- a helping verb adds detail to the main verb (example: he does not sing; 'does' is the
helping verb, 'sing' is the main verb. other examples of helping verbs: is, am, are, were,
be, has, does, do, can, will, should)
- linking verbs connect the subject of the sentence to information about it (example: she is hungry; the linking verb 'is' connects the subject 'she' with the information about it, 'hungry')
Lesson 5 Spelling and grammar
words with vowel sounds /ou/, /o/, and /oi/ (like in the words "house", "awkward", and "oil")
1. ounce
2. sprawl 3. launch 4. loyal 5. avoid |
6. basketball
7. moist 8. haunt 9. scowl 10. naughty |
11. destroy
12. saucer 13. pounce 14. poison 15. August |
16. auction
17. royal 18. coward 19. awkward 20. encounter |
Plural and singular nouns: make a singular noun plural by adding an 's' or 'es' to the end of the word. If the noun ends with a consonant followed by a letter 'y', change the 'y' to an 'i' and add 'es'
examples: ship ---> ships hat ---> hats chin---> chins day---> days
Box-----> Boxes bench----> benches boss---> bosses loss---> losses
bunny---> bunnies city----> cities pony---> ponies army---> armies
Lesson 4 Spelling and Grammar
Words with Vowel Sounds /oo/ and /yoo/ (like in the words "Moo" and "You")
1. glue
2. flute 3. youth 4. accuse 5. bruise |
6. stew
7. choose 8. loose 9. lose 10. view |
11. confuse
12. cruise 13. jewel 14. execute 15. route |
16. cartoon
17. avenue 18. include 19. assume 20. souvenir |
Lesson 3 Spelling and Grammar
Words with long /i/ and long /o/ sounds (like in the words "hi" and "go")
1. sign
2. groan 3. reply 4. thrown 5. strike |
6. mighty
7. stroll 8. compose 9. dough 10. height |
11. excite
12. apply 13. slight 14. define 15. odor |
16. spider
17. control 18. silent 19. brighten 20. approach |
Lesson 2 Spelling and Grammar
words with long /a/ and long /e/ sounds (like in the words "play" and "me")
1. awake
2. feast 3. stray 4. greet 5. praise |
6. disease
7. repeat 8. display 9. braces 10. thief |
11. ashamed
12. sleeve 13. waist 14. beneath 15. sheepish |
16. release
17. remain 18. sway 19. training 20. niece |
lesson 1 spelling and grammar
words with short vowel sounds (like in the words "bat", "set", "hit", "cop", and "but")
1. breath
2. wobble 3. blister 4. crush 5. direct |
6. promise
7. grasp 8. numb 9. hymn 10. shovel |
11. gravity
12. frantic 13. swift 14. feather 15. comic |
16. bundle
17. solid 18. weather 19. energy 20. stingy |